Essential tips for How to Choose LiFePO4 Battery Vs. Lithium-Ion Battery
At present, the main popular lithium-ion batteries on the market are LiFePO4 and ternary lithium batteries of these two kinds, in this case, which is the better choice for electric vehicles? Here's a look at how to choose between the two.
Cycle life (in theory)
LiFePO4 >Ternary lithium
For Tesla, LiFePO4 can be charged 3500 times before decaying to 80% (end-of-life standard) estimated that it can be used for more than 10 years.
Ternary lithium has been decayed to the limit of about 2000 times charging, probably only 6 years of time.
High temperature safety
LiFePO4 >Ternary lithium
LiFePO4 benefits from the properties of the battery material itself, LiFePO4 crystals in the P-O bond solid, even at high temperatures will not form strong oxidizing substances, and the oxygen in the battery compartment is not enough to make LiFePO4 instantaneous high-temperature explosion.
Battery temperature at 500-600 ℃ high temperature, it's internal chemical composition before it begins to decompose.
Ternary lithium uses nickel, cobalt, and manganese three elements, nickel and cobalt is the active metal, and the chemical reaction is super-active. When the battery temperature reaches 200°C, its oxygen molecules will be released, which will intensify the combustion of electrolyte material.
A large amount of electrolyte will vaporize and destroy the battery shell under high temperatures, and after contact with air, it will burn, or in more serious cases, explode.
Energy density
Ternary lithium>LiFePO4
The additional power that can be stored, the greater the range of the vehicle.
Ternary lithium batteries have 1.7 times the energy density of LiFePO4.
In the same unit volume or weight, ternary lithium can store extra power.
Low temperature performance
Ternary lithium > LiFePO4
Pure electric vehicles in the cruise range are a well-known thing to fade
LiFePO4 battery capacity decreases to about 50% at -10°C, not recommended for use in environments over -20°C
The lower limit of lithium triplet is -30 ℃, and the same temperature capacity and energy decay rate are superior to LiFePO4
Small tips:
- Battery materials determine the advantages and disadvantages of the two batteries are different
- LiFePO4 long life, high-temperature environment safer driving
- Ternary lithium energy density and low-temperature decay performance are better, to meet the needs of long range
In conclusion, the south in USA is suitable for LiFePO4 batteries, the north is suitable for ternary lithium batteries.