The Composition of Solar Panels

Driven by the needs for camping entertainment and disaster preparedness, the global outdoor power supply market continues to boom, which also drives the sales of solar charging panels. The combination of solar charging panels and outdoor power sources can form an off-grid solar energy storage system, which can continuously supply electricity as long as there is sunshine, laying the foundation for self-sufficiency.

A solar panel (also called a solar cell module) is an assembly of multiple solar cells assembled, which is the core part of the solar power generation system and the most important part of the solar power generation system.

The composition of the solar panel and the functions of each part:

Tempered glass:

Its function is to protect the main body of power generation (such as a battery), and the selection of light transmission is required:

  1. The transmittance must be high (generally above 91%);
  2. 2. Ultra-white tempered.

EVA:

It is used to bond and fixes the tempered glass and the main body of power generation (cells). The quality of the transparent EVA material directly affects the life of the module. The EVA exposed to the air is easy to age and turn yellow, thus affecting the light transmission of the module. In addition to the quality of EVA itself, the lamination process of module manufacturers is also very influential, such as substandard EVA adhesiveness, and insufficient bonding strength between EVA and tempered glass and backplane, all of which will cause EVA Premature aging affects component life.

Cells:

The main function is to generate electricity. The mainstream in the power generation market is crystalline silicon solar cells and thin-film solar cells, both of which have their advantages and disadvantages.

Crystal silicon solar cells have relatively low equipment cost, but high consumption and cell cost, but also high photoelectric conversion efficiency, which is more suitable for power generation in outdoor sunlight.

Thin-film solar cells have relatively high equipment costs, but low consumption and battery costs, but the photoelectric conversion efficiency is more than half that of crystalline silicon cells, but the low-light effect is very good, and it can also generate electricity under ordinary lights, such as calculators on the solar cell.

Backplane:

Function, sealing, insulating, and waterproofing. Generally, TPT, TPE, and other materials must be resistant to aging. Most component manufacturers have a 25-year warranty. Tempered glass and aluminum alloys are generally no problem. The key is whether the backplane and silicone can meet the requirements.

Aluminum alloy:

Protect the laminate and play a certain role in sealing and supporting.

Junction box:

It protects the entire power generation system and acts as a current transfer station. If the component is short-circuited, the junction box will automatically disconnect the short-circuit battery string to prevent the entire system from being burned. The most important thing in the junction box is the selection of diodes. Different types of cells have different corresponding diodes.

Silica gel:

It is used to seal components and aluminum alloy frames and at the junction of components and junction boxes. Some companies use double-sided tape and foam to replace silica gel. And the cost is low.

Conclusion

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